SOURCES AND FURTHER READING: The authors respectfully acknowledge the Ngarrindjeri people of South Australia and their elders, past and present. This story draws on the service dossiers for Rufus and Cyril NAA: B2455, RIGNEY RUFUS GORDON and NAA: B2455, RIGNEY CYRIL SPURGEON; and Rufus’s Red Cross Missing and Wounded file AWM IDRL/0428. See also Mike Sexton, ‘One service charged with extra emotion’, The 7:30 Report, ABC, 25 April 2005. Further details of the transfer of Raukkan land can be found in Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service Bulletin, February 2005, number 1/2005.

We gratefully acknowledge our debt to Clyde Rigney, who facilitated our visit to Raukkan, and Verna Koolmatrie, who welcomed us to the community and generously shared her memories. Thanks are also due to the Indigenous playwright Wesley Enoch who alerted us to the existence of the memorial window and who wove their story into his remarkable play, Black Diggers. Finally, we acknowledge the work of Julie Reece, whose ‘Connecting Spirits’ commemorative tour honours Indigenous service. Studies of Ngarrindjeri Anzacs were pioneered by Doreen Kartinyeri, see Ngarrindjeri Anzacs (Adelaide: Aboriginal Family History Project, South Australian Museum and Raukkan Council, 1996) and more generally Doreen Kartinyeri and Sue Anderson, My Ngarrindjeri Calling (Canberra: Aboriginal Studies Press, 2008). This account also benefits from the scholarship of Diane Bell, Listen to Ngarrindjeri Women Speaking = Kungun Ngarrindjeri Miminar Yunnan (Melbourne: Spinifex Press, 2008); Ngarrindjeri Wurruwarrin: A World that Is, Was and Will Be (Melbourne: Spinifex Press, 1998). For general studies of Aboriginal people in the First AIF see Philippa Scarlett, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Volunteers for the AIF: The Indigenous Response to World War One (Canberra: Indigenous Histories, 2013); David Huggonson, Too Dark for the Light Horse: An Exhibition of Photographs & Documents Depicting Aboriginal Involvement in the Australian Army at the Albury Regional Museum, August 11th– September 27th (Albury, 1988); Alick Jackomos and Derek Fowell, Forgotten Heroes: Aborigines at War from the Somme to Vietnam (Melbourne: Victoria Press, 1993). The authors eagerly await the important work of Mick Dodson, John Maynard and Jack Pearson into Indigenous service.